Net Migration
Long-term immigration to the United Kingdom minus long-term emigration over a year, a balance that can be positive or negative. Positive net migration means more people settle than leave, adding to the population. The Office for National Statistics switched from a survey-based estimate to administrative and visa records in 2021, so figures before and after cannot be joined.
Admin-based (2012 on)Survey-based (to 2020)
ConservativeLabourCoalition
Source: Office for National Statistics; Home Office
Coverage: UK